Francisco Solano López
ist wohl ohne Zweifel einer der wichtigsten Vertreter in der großen Welt der Comics; und (obwohl spät angefangen) ein Altmeister der erotischen Comics.
Seine Werke wurden und werden in unzähligen Ländern veröffentlicht und dank ihm, bekamen viele junge Talente eine Chance im harten Comic-Business.
López wurde am 26. Oktober 1928 in Buenos Aires geboren. Seine ersten Arbeiten fertigte er für den Columba Verlag; wie zum Beispiel "'Perico y Guillerma". Bei Columba traf er auch auf seinen späteren Partner und Freund Hector German Oesterheld. Mit Osterheld als Autor entstanden die ersten Geschichten wie "Uma-Uma" und "Bull Rocket". López wechselte später zum Verlagshaus "Frontera" das von Oestergeld gegründet wurde.
Erste größere Aufmerksamkeit erlangten das Duo López und Oesterheld mit den Geschichten El Eternauta. Die eigentlich "simple" Science-Fiction-Geschichte über außerirdische Invasoren war eine intelligente Anspielung und Kritik auf die Probleme im eigenen Land.
"El Eternauta" wurde erstmals im Heft Hora Cero im September 1957 veröffentlicht. Das exzellente Design von López und die allegorische SF-Geschichte von Oesterheld transportierten geschickt verpackt die täglichen Probleme - wie Militärdiktatur und soziale Ungerechtigkeit - in Argentinien sowie im Nachbarstaat Chile.
Sehr bald wurde die Regierung auf den Comic aufmerksam und López mußte nach Spanien fliehen. In Madrid konnte er dank des S.I. Studios Madrid für die englischen Fleetway-Verlage arbeiten. Ende 1959 zog er näher zu seinen Autoren, die in London saßen.
Für Fleetway entstanden eine Fülle an unterschiedlichen Arbeiten. So zum Beispiel:
Wie konnte ein Mann allein - in so kurzer Zeit - nur so viele Comics zeichnen? Nun, er konnte es nicht. López nahm nicht ohne Hintergedanken so viele Projekte an. Durch die schlechte Wirtschaftslage in seinem Heimatland verloren viele gute Zeichner und Studienkollegen ihre Jobs. Die versorgte López mit Arbeit. Durch sein eigenes Studio in Buenos Aires fanden so unter anderem Ramiro Bujeiro, Tibor Horvath, Silvia Lechuca, die Schiaffino Brüder, Nestor Morales, Julio und Jorge mit dem López in den frühen 1950ern an "Bull Rocket" gearbeitet hat, wieder Arbeit. López lieferte meist nur noch die Bleistiftzeichnungen. Die Tusche und Kolorierung übernahm "das Studio" für ihn.
1974 kehrte López nach Argentinien zurück um wieder für seinen alten Verlag Columba zu arbeiten; doch sein Freund Oesterheld überredete ihn, mit ihm am zweiten Teil von "El Eternauta" zu arbeiten. Im selben Jahr entstand auch der leicht erotische Science-Fiction-Comic Slot Barr mit Autoren-Star Ricardo Barreiro. 1976 brannte sein Studio in Argentinien auf mysteriöse Weise ab. Ein Opfer der Flammen wurden unter anderem 12 Ausgaben von "Slot Barr" und einige Zeichnungen für "El Eternauta". Dies nahm López zum Anlass zurück nach Madrid zu ziehen. Dort verhandelte er mit den italienischen Magazinen LancioStory und Skorpio über eine Veröffentlichung seiner Serien "El Eternauta" und "Slot Barr".
1984 erschienen Arbeiten von ihm auf dem amerikanischen Comic-Markt (Dark Horse und Fantagraphics). Mit Ricardo Barreiro produzierte er "El ministerio" und "El televisor", sowie mit Autor Carlos Sampayo für den italienischen Markt die Polizeigeschichten "Evaristo". Weitere Veröffentlichungen dieser Zeit: "Razorguts" wieder mit Autor Ricardo Barreiro, "Burial of the Rats", "Corpses in balance" und "Death is always go" (Frankreich 1985/86), "Kidnapped" mit Jim Woodring und Justin Green (1997/98).
Nicht unerwähnt bleiben sollte die gelungene Adaption des Classic-Horror-Films "Freaks" von Tod Browning, die López zusammen mit Jim Woodring gestaltete; erschienen bei Fantagraphic, USA und bei El Vibora, Spanien.
In den 1990ern wurde López endlich "Hardcore"!
Eros Comix veröffentlichte im Zuge der "The Young Witches" Popularität auch seine "Slot Barr" Arbeiten unter dem Titel Peter Kock. Mit "Hardcore" haben die "Slot Barr"-Geschichten aber nichts zu tun. Die Eros-Veröffentlichungen wurden lediglich mit expliziten Illustrationen von López am Ende der Hefte auf "Hardcore" getrimmt.
López erhielt beim "Barcelona Erotic Salon" den ersten Preis als "Bester erotischer Autor"; sowie den "Diario de Aviso's Preis" als "Bester realistischer Zeichner".
Die "The Young Witches"-Serie lebt durch den reichhaltigen Erfahrungsschatz von López für Stil, Anatomie und Layout. Dazu kommt die kraftvolle Erzählweise des erfahrenen Autors R. Barreiro; der die Serie ab Band 4 an Kollege Pol weitergab. Die Geschichte spielt im späten 19. Jahrhundert und vermischt fiktive und real existierende Berühmtheiten jener Zeit, wie Sigmund Freud, Sherlock Holmes oder "Jack the Ripper" (in Band 2) mit einer spannenden Geschichte um die Halbweise Lilian Cunnington und ihrer Aufnahme in ein "Hexen-Zirkel"-Internat (Band 1).
Seine erotischen Bild-Arrangements sind deutlich, ohne Tabus und fantasievoll in Szene gesetzt. The Young Witches Band 2 enthält explizite Sexpraktiken, das es wundert, das diese ungekürzt sogar in den USA veröffentlicht worden sind. "Fantasien mit Tieren"-Zensuren haben schließlich schon Alben von Manara, von Götha und Foxer erleiden müssen.
Der Stil von López mag vielleicht etwas antiquiert anmuten, aber seine letzten Alben von "The Young Witches" zeigen, das er seinen Zeichenstrich einer moderneren Sehweise anpassen kann.
Solano López verstarb am 12. August 2011 in Buenos Aires.
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This translation is unedited!
Francisco Solano Lopez
is undoubtedly one of the most important representatives in the big world of comics; and (although started late) an old master of erotic comics.
His works have been and are published in countless countries and thanks to him, many young talents got a chance in the hard comic-business.
López was born on 26. October 1928 in Buenos Aires. His first works he produced for Columba Verlag, such as "' Perico y Guillerma". At Columba he also met his future partner and friend Hector German Oesterheld. With Osterheld as author, the first stories like "Uma-Uma" and "Bull Rocket"were written. López later moved to the publishing house "Frontera" founded by Oestergeld.
The first major attention was drawn to the duo López and Oesterheld with the stories of El Eternauta. The science fiction story about alien invaders, which is actually "simple", was an intelligent allusion to and criticism of the problems in one's own country.
"El Eternauta" was first published in the Hora Cero magazine in September 1957. The excellent design of López and the allegorical SF story of Oesterheld skillfully conveyed the daily problems - such as military dictatorship and social injustice - in Argentina as well as in the neighbouring country of Chile.
Very soon the government became aware of the comic strip and López had to flee to Spain. In Madrid, thanks to the S. I., he was able to work in Madrid. Studios Madrid for the English Fleetway publishers. At the end of 1959 he moved closer to his authors, who were sitting in London.
For Fleetway, he created a wealth of different works. Like this, for instance: "Galaxus: The Thing from Outer Space, Pete's Pocket Army, The Wizard of Football, World Wide Wheelers and The Drowned World for Buster. "Ozzie the Loan Arranger" and "The Louts of Liberty Hall" for Hot-Shot. "Janus Stark for Smash and Valiant. "Kelly's Eye for Knockout and Valiant. "Raven on the Wing" and "Kid Pharoah" for Valiant. "Dark Angel, Toys of Doom and M. A. C. H. 1" for Eagle. "Gargan, The Fugitive from Planet Scror","Britain AD 2170","Sweeper Sam","Stringbean and Hambone","Adam Eterno","Battler Britton" for Thriller Picture Library.
How could a man draw so many comic strips on his own in such a short time? Well, he couldn't. López did not accept so many projects without ulterior motives. Due to the poor economic situation in his home country, many good illustrators and fellow students lost their jobs. Lopez provided Lopez with work. Through his own studio in Buenos Aires, Ramiro Bujeiro, Tibor Horvath, Silvia Lechuca, the Schiaffino brothers, Nestor Morales, Julio and Jorge, who worked with López on "Bull Rocket" in the early 1950s, among others, found work again. López usually only supplied the pencil drawings. The ink and coloring was done by "the studio" for him.
In 1974 López returned to Argentina to work for his old publisher Columba, but his friend Oesterheld persuaded him to work with him on the second part of "El Eternauta". In the same year, the slightly erotic science fiction comic Slot Barr was created with author star Ricardo Barreiro. In 1976 his studio in Argentina burnt down mysteriously. Among the victims of the flames were 12 issues of "Slot Barr" and some drawings for "El Eternauta". This was the reason for López to move back to Madrid. There he negotiated with the Italian magazines LancioStory and Skorpio for a publication of his series "El Eternauta" and "Slot Barr".
In 1984 he published his works on the American comic market (Dark Horse and Fantagraphics). Together with Ricardo Barreiro he produced "El ministerio" and "El televisor", as well as with author Carlos Sampayo for the Italian market the police stories "Evaristo". Further publications of this time:"Razorguts" again with author Ricardo Barreiro,"Burial of the Rats","Corpses in balance" and "Death is always go" (France 1985/86),"Kidnapped" with Jim Woodring and Justin Green (1997/98).
The successful adaptation of the classic horror film "Freaks" by Tod Browning, which López made together with Jim Woodring, published by Fantagraphic, USA and El Vibora, Spain, should not go unmentioned.
In the 1990s López finally became "Hardcore"! His greatest erotic comic success was probably the large-scale series The Young Witches, with author Ricardo Barreiro (El Instituto in Spanish, and L´antre de la Terreur - Les aventures sexuelles de Lilian et Agathe in the French version), which has appeared in Spain and France in the magazine Kiss Comix and in the USA with Eros Comix. Eros Comix first published the series in book form and later edited it in anthologies. The subtitle of the second anthology is "London Babylon". With "Empire of Sin" (Volume 3), the style of López's drawing also changed. This was followed by "The Eternal Dream" (volume 4) and "The Legacy" (volume 5).
The "Comic without Words" Sexy Symphony (published in German in the Eroticon series) was created in collaboration with López's son Gabriel Solano.
Eros Comix also published his "Slot Barr" works under the title Peter Kock as part of "The Young Witches" popularity. But the "Slot Barr" stories have nothing to do with "Hardcore". The Eros publications were trimmed to "hardcore" at the end of the booklets with explicit illustrations by López.
A collection of erotic illustrations is published under the title "Solano Lopez Sketchbook 100% Sex".
López was awarded first prize at the Barcelona Erotic Salon for "Best erotic writer" and the "Diario de Aviso's Prize" for "Best realistic artist".
The Young Witches "series lives on López's wealth of experience in style, anatomy and layout. In addition, there is the powerful narrative style of the experienced author R. Barreiro, who passed the series on to his colleague Pol from volume 4 onwards. The story takes place in the late 19th century and mixes fictional and real celebrities of the time, such as Sigmund Freud, Sherlock Holmes or "Jack the Ripper" (in Volume 2) with an exciting story about the halfway Lilian Cunnington and her admission to a "Witch Circle"boarding school (Volume 1).
López's style of drawing is characterized by the Argentine school and is comparable to the works of Georges Pichard, Paula Meadows or Ignacio Noe. Even in the more cost-effective "black and white"printing process, its pages shine with their richness of detail, striking character design and excellent image direction - without the comic pages becoming marshy in half-tone grey.
His erotic picture arrangements are explicit, without taboos and imaginatively staged. The Young Witches Volume 2 contains explicit sex practices, which is surprising that these have been published in full, even in the USA. After all, "Fantasies with animals"censorships have already suffered albums of Manara, Götha and Foxer. In the French Kiss Comix offshoot La Poudre aux Reves the "animal scenes" were still censored. Only with the anthology L´antre de la Terreur by Dynamite, published in 2010, was this flaw removed. The volume, which is about 150 pages long, brings together the second part of the "The Young Witches" series, which was published by Eros under the subtitle "London Babylon".
López's style may seem a bit antiquated, but his last albums of "The Young Witches" show that he can adapt his stroke to a more modern way of seeing. Even with a master like López,"The Young Witches" shows an optical quality improvement from band to band. Thus, the series goes through a "change of style" from "hard" black and white drawings of the first two volumes to more sweeping colour layouts (in the case of Eros-Comix only in black and white) of volumes 3 to 5. Not without reason "The Young Witches" is the best selling series on Eros-Comix and is not only for this reason a part of every good erotic comic book collection!
The story of R. Barreiros and the drawings of López are a harmonious, exciting comic delight. Also for people who don't like and read "sexcomics". You're missing a comic strip jewel of optical storytelling!
The album series was also published in German as "Junge Hexen" by Schwarzer Turm publishing house (e. g. amazon. de). So far "only" one volume has been published.
Solano López died on 12. August 2011 in Buenos Aires. |
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